RESEARCH
Nature-Based Outdoor Activities for Mental and Physical Health: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Summary
The study analyzed 50 studies, including randomized controlled trials, controlled studies, and before-and-after interventions, to evaluate the impact of nature-based interventions (NBIs) such as gardening, green exercise, and nature therapy. The results show that NBIs significantly improve mental health outcomes, reducing depressive symptoms, anxiety, and negative affect while enhancing positive mood. The most effective interventions lasted 8 to 12 weeks, with sessions ranging from 20 to 90 minutes. While improvements in mental well-being were well-supported, the evidence for physical health benefits was less clear, with no consistent effects on blood pressure or lipid levels.
The findings highlight the potential of NBIs as both preventive and therapeutic tools for mental health, particularly in community-based settings. The study suggests that NBIs provide benefits through mechanisms such as nature connectedness, social support, physical activity, and stress reduction. However, further research is needed to identify optimal program structures and better understand the physiological impacts of these interventions. Given the increasing demand for mental health support, especially post-pandemic, the study advocates for greater investment in structured nature-based programs to enhance community resilience and well-being.
